Reversing means for two or multi-cylinder internal-combustion engines.



K. F. sJb'MAN. REVERSING MEANS FOR TWO 0R MULTICYLJNDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENG|NES.'

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10.1918.

Patented Feb. 4,1919;

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Jami-wafer K. F. sJb'MAN.

REVERSING MEANS FOR TWO 0R MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION 'ENGiNES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10. I918- Patehted Feb. 4, 1919.

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K. F. SJUMAN. REVERSJNG MEANS FOR TWO 0R MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATlON FILED JULYIO I913- 1,293,56% Patented Feb. 4:; 1919.

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KARI. rnrmz szroivielv, or STOCKHOLM, swnnnn.

REVERSING MEANS FOR TWO OR MULTI-CYLINDER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4t, 1919.

Application filed July 10. 1918. Seria1 No. 244,249.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, KARL Fnrrz SJ6MAN, a subject of the King of Sweden, and reside ing at 23 Inedalsgatan Stockholm, Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reversing Means for Two or Multi Cylinder Internal Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

In twoor multi-cylinder internal combustion engines there are possibilities of revers-v ing the engine with all the cylinders, the said possibilities, however, having not yet been taken care of, but such engines have, hitherto, generally been reversed with one cylinder only. In this case and particularly in ignition chamber engines, generally an. additional fuel pump has been employed, which is active at the reversal only.

The present invention has for its object to remove the said drawbacks, whereby thus is obtained that engines of the kind in question may be reversed with all the cylinders and that additional fuel pumps or similar damageable devices may be dispensed with.

The invention is characterized, chiefly, by this that a member is interposed in the fuel,

-supply pipes between the pumps and the cylinders, said member taking up, when running the engine in the forward direction, such a position that the fuel will be pumped into the cylinders corresponding to the fuel pumps, but which, in reversing the move 'ment, will be manually or automatically adjusted so that the fuel will be pumped into other cylinders, in which this is advantageous with respect to the position of the pistons at the reversal.

In order to carry out the present invention, obviously many forms of embodiment are possible. One of those is schematically shown in Figure 1 of the annexed drawings showing on a larger scale a longitudinal section through the member. Fig. 2 schemati+ cally shows the connection between the mem her and the cylinders and Fig. 3 shows the same in side elevation. Figs. 4, 4 and 5 show details.

1 designates a body interposed between the fuel pumps and thecylinders. Movable in a central aperture in the said body is a plunger or similar member 2. The branch pipes 3 and 4 areconnected with the fuel pumps while the branch pipes 5 and 6 are connected with the cylinders. A and B designate the fuel pumps (not shown in Fig. l)

which are connected with the branch pipes 3 and 4., respectively, and which normally feed the fuel into the cylinders, which, while being not shown in Fig. 1, are designated with C and D, respectively. From the branch pipe 8 a conduit 7 passes to a conduit 9 arranged in the member 2, said conduit 9 being in turn connected with a conduit 8 passing to the branch pipe 5. In a similar manner, the branch pipe 4 is, through conduits 10, 12 and'll, connected with the branch pipe 6. In the movable member 2 there are, besides, two obliquely arranged transverse conduits 13 and 14, so disposed that, when moving the said member, for instance downward in Fig. 1, a certain distance, the conduit 13 connects the conduits 10 and 8, and the conduit 14 connects the conduits 7 and 11.

The drawing shows the position of the said member in running forward. The fuel pump A feeds the fuel into the cylinder 0 through the conduits 7, 9, 8, and the fuel pump B feeds the fuel into the cylinder D through the conduits 10, 12, 11. When reversing the movement, the member 2 is moved downward (according to Fig. 1) a distance corresponding to the distance be tween the conduits 7 and 8, whereby the conduit 13 connects the conduits 10 and 8 and the conduit 14 connects the conduits 7 and 11. placed below the conduits 7 and 10, which are thereby shut off from the conduits 8 and 11. When the member 2 is caused, at the reversal, to take up the last-mentioned posi- Tlle "conduits 9 and 12 will thus be tion, the pump A will thus feed the fuel intothe cylinder D through the conduits 7, 14, 11,

- and the pump B will feed the fuel into the efiected by one or, if desired, valves of another construction than that shown in Fig. 1. Thus, for instance, a multi-branch valve, a slide valve or the like may as well be used. The valve may be adjusted manually at the reversal; it is, however, more suitable to connect the same with the hand lever, a cam disk, a friction disk or the like, so that the adjustment of the said valve will be efi'ected automatically at the reversal of the move ment.

Figs. 2 and 3 show by way of example, how the valve may be acted upon automatically at the reversal. Fig. 2 shows the motor cylinders and the valve in cross-section and on difierent scales, the appertaining parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, parts of Fig. 1, viewed from the right. N l

Th motor cylinders are designated vwith C and D and the motor shaft with 16. To the cylinderl) are, according to the drawing (Fig. 2), rigidly secured two fuel pumps ll and B, which are connected with the .branch pipes 3 and 4 of the valve through pipes 17 and 15, respectively. To the motor shaft 16 are rigidly secured two eccentric disks 19, 20, the movements of which are, by means of rods-21, 2 2' and angle levers 2-3, 24:, transmitted to two sliding pieces 25, 2.6, respectively. "The sliding pieces are movable on a guide 28 provided with a cam .orlprojection 27, said pieces being held pressed onto the said guide by the elastic and pivotal .continuation :2" ofzthe meinber 2, which is, by (the action of a spring :29 and a lever 30 swingable about a stationary'shaft 37, normally held pressed against the sliding pieces, so that the said pieces will, when moving, .follow the guidev28. With the .one end M the lever 30 is .pivotally connected .a rod 31 cooperating with .a friction disk: 3 1 secured to the shaft 16,, the forked shanks 35 .oflthe rodl31 {being arranged around the said .disk

34;. (See Figs. l and 4:, the latter being a fview of EFigIA from lbBlOW). The shanks 3,5, 3.5 of thefrod 81 are normally ,out or .contact'with the friction .disk 34:. "The contact between the disk and one of the said shanks is effected first by moving the hand lever 36" in the one or the other direction. When thelcontinuation 53* of the member 2 bears against the sliding pieces and the lat- ;ter move along the guide, projections 32 vof the sliding pieces .co-lact with projections :33 of the piston rods of the fuel pumps, so that these are pressed inwardly, while, when the member 12 :is raised and the pressure of the con inuat on 12* on the sliding pieces ceases, th cam 27 imparts .to the sliding pieces .an upward movement in an oblique direction, so that the latter .pass by the projections 33 Wi hout act ng upon them, The continuation 2* is pivotally secured to the member '2, 5, tha i i cpi hle of following the IIlOVe m it of the s iding piecesfiobpose the motor to be set for running orwa an ang e of advan e of :10 cc grces, c. the fuel to be pumped into the y in r, when he pi ton is st ll to be moved sme l nen of the stroke, b fore it reaches the t p po n SuPpcse, f rther, the friction di k as to be ro ated in the direction the arrow n Fig a. When the reversal i to he Performe the rod 36 is moved in the direction of the arrow, so that the left shanl; 35 is brought into contact with the disk and, on account Of the friction, will be raised. Hereby, also the rod 31 is raised, and the lever 30 is wu g upward against the act on of the spring 29, whereby also the member 2 and the continuation 2* are raised, so that the pressure on the sliding pieces ceases, and the projections 32 cease to act po th projections Hereby, the e ding of the fuel decreases, and the speed of the motor will be moderated to acertain degree, at which any of the fuel pumps feeds the fuel through any of the conduits 13 or 14 to that cylinder, the crank of which is diametrically opposite that crank, the cylinder of which, in normal rumiing, ought to have obtained the fuel. The crank 10f the cylinder obtaining the fuel is at that moment 10 degrees in advance of :the lowest point of the stroke. When the piston then approaches the uppermost ,point of the stroke, an explosion (advanced ignition) is effected, so that the piston is moved backward, before the crank has reached the uppermost point, ithus effecting the reversal of the movement. In reversing the movement also the ,disk :34 changes its direction of 1:0- tation, by which the friction between the disk and the shank :35 is checked, ,so that the roe-1:31 is lowered a d, at the same moment, the member 2 will be moved back to the position .of normal running shown Fig :2, the fuel being thereby fed in the same manner .as before the reversal.

The device for acting upon th reve sing means shown in 2 to 4 is as mentioned, cited as an example only, and the invention is not limited to the sa d device.

Partic larly in ignition chamber engines, the present invention .ofiers considerable advantages. Except the advantages r fe red to abov is, namely, gained that the said engines may he run l ghtwi ho t the use of a hea ng la p, sinc means of the ,deice described the fuel is supplied hall? a rota io ear ier {than ha hi hen o be n the case an thus, the ignition chamber w ll be capable of keeping itself sulficiently hot- :Having n wparti nlar v d scribed and s- .Q rtained th nat re o invention What I c a m as n w and des r t secure by e ter Patent is: I

:1. The combination with a plurality of engin cylinders and a fuel pump for each cylinder, of a valve comprising a leasing having a central valve pas age, an outlet port lo ated on one side of theic asing and communicating with one of the cylinders, an inlet port located on the same side of the casing and communicating with one of the fuel pumps, an outlet port locatedon ,tl-ieothersid'e of the casing and communicating with the other cylinder, an inlet port located on [the same side of the casing and communicating with the other pump, passages placing said ports in communication with the valve passage, and :an axially slidable valve located in the valve passage and having a groove for placing the inlet port on one side of the casing indirect communication with the outlet port on the same side of the casing when the valve is in one position, said valve having a port for placing the inlet port on one side of the casing in communication with the outlet port on the other side of the casing when the valve is in a difl'erent position.

2. The combination with an internal oombustion engine and a plurality of fuel pumps having operating stems, of a guide plate having an inclined portion, a plurality of slides movable over said guide plate and adapted to normally engage the pump stems for operating the same, a valve for controlling the fuel supplied by the pumps to the engine, resilient members carried by said valve and normally bearing upon said slides to maintain them in engagement with the plate, means operated by the engine shaft for actuating said slides, and means formoving the valve and resilient members to permit the slides to reciprocate without engaging the pump stems.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

KARL FRITZ SJ OMAN. Witnesses:

Ana, EHRNER, JACOB BAGGE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for in cents each, by addressing the Gommintioner of Patents. Washington, D. 0. 

